In the last part of the report the alternatives for the current evaporator will be discussed. Other factors affecting heat transfer performance 5. Pdf design of heat integrated multiple effect evaporator. This system is used in a singleeffect evaporator or in the first stage of a multipleeffect evaporator. The evaporator design shall be as per tema standards or design approved by the engineer users department. Operating experience with vertical tube evaporators 10. Internship huntsman the design of falling lm evaporators. This is to certify that the project entitled design and simulation of a multiple effect evaporator using vapor bleeding is an original work done by monalishanayak, roll no. Evaporator operation in evaporation, solids may come out of solution and form a deposit or scale on the heat transfer surfaces. Single effect evaporator multi effect evaporator pan evaporator naturalcirculation evaporator rising film evaporator falling film evaporator risingfalling evporator forced circulation evaporator. Calculations on evaporators can be carried out combining mass and energy balances with the principles of heat transfer.
Pdf a simplified and generalized method to size multiple. Glycerol solution is to be concentrated from 7wt% to a final concentration of 80wt% the feed is available at 50993 kghr and 27c. This is mainly evident in the case of systems with multiple extractions to heaters and vacuum pans cause in this. A computerised model of multiple effect evaporators in the pest was conceived. This causes a gradual increase in the resistance to heat transfer and, if the same temperature difference is maintained, the rate of evaporation. Noniterative design of multiple effect evaporators. The thermodynamic design of multiple effect forcedcirculation evaporator systems includes determining the total energy requirement and the distribution of the heat flows to the individual effects. Pdf a simplified and generalized method to size multipleeffect.
A general guide to design of falling film evaporators. Mathematical model for a multiple effect evaporator system. Multiple effect evaporator mass and enthalpy balance youtube. Unesco eolss sample chapters thermal desalination processes vol. Solution would be rather straightforward, except that often the required thermodynamic properties are only available in tabular or graphical form.
This concentrated liquids in a gentle and efficient manner in a way unparalleled in its time. Calculates the heat transfer area for a single effect evaporator that is used to concentrate a salt solution. For a multiple effect evaporator system calculations, the values required to be obtained are i the area of the heating surface in each effect. Geawiegand has substantially contributed to the development of evaporation technology. The primary means of increasing the steam economy of an evaporator is to reuse the latent heat of the water vapor.
Design and simulation of a multiple effect evaporator. Modular simulation model for falling film evaporators. If enthalpy data or specific heat and heatofsolution data are not available, the heat requirement can be estimated as the sum of the heat needed to raise the feed from feed to product temperature and the heat required to evaporate the water. Feed 3000 kghr, feed temperature 30 degc, intial tds 5%, final tds 30%, available steam pressure for tvr 6. With addition of each effect steam economy of the system also increases. The tube bundle in each effect shall be horizontal and fixed to duplex tube plates by grommet. An experimental procedure was conducted to determine the bpr boiling point.
Design calculations for multipleeffect evaporators. While the design criteria for evaporators are the same regardless of the industry involved, two questions always exist. For the calculation, the operating conditions at the inlet and the outlet have to be first set. This effect is limited by the boiling point elevation,which is less than 2 c at high temperatures and seawater salinity. There could be single effect evaporator or multiple effect evaporators. The design calculations required for a multipleeffect evaporator are complex enough to provide a real challenge for implementation using a spreadsheet. A multipleeffect evaporator is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water.
In a multipleeffect evaporator, water is boiled in a sequence of vessels, each held at a lower pressure than the last. Calculation for multiple effect evaporator free download as word doc. In a multipleeffect evaporator, water is boiled in a sequence of. For the same overall pressure differential and process conditions, the evaporator with more effects will require less steam.
This research is focused on the economic feasibility of using multi effect evaporators mev for the production of potable water, for the city of. Article views are the countercompliant sum of full text article downloads since november 2008 both pdf and html across all institutions and individuals. The evaporator is designed with some special features such a speci c pipe diameter and inserts. Dynamic simulation of multiple effect evaporators in paper. This ability, together with our complete system design, allows us to lead the market for efficiency and reliability. In a multiple effect evaporator the vapour from one evaporator is fed into the steam chest of the other evaporator. As result of calculations, it has been found that about 3. In this article discussed about history of multiple effect evaporator, rillieuxs principles for multiple effect evaporator bodies and distribution of pressure drops across the multiple effect evaporators like triple effect, quadruple effect and quintuple effect and also given online calculator for pressure drop calculation in multiple effect evaporator. Detailed design of a single effect evaporator with thermal vapor re compression. During last seven decades, a number of models of multiple effect evaporator. Joye and koko, 1987 for the design of multiple effect evaporator systems with backward feed is simplified and. As per hugot given evaporation rate of the several vessels of a multiple effect working under the condition of temperature drop from 120 o c.
Sep 04, 2015 mass and enthalpy balance of a triple effect evaporator. Hermes center for applied thermodynamics, department of mechanical engineering, federal university of parana p. The first wiegand evaporator, built in 1908, was a patented multipleeffect circulation evaporator. Dynamic simulation of multiple effect evaporators in paper industry using matlab deepak kumar, anjana rani gupta, somesh kumar udepartment of mathematics, niet greater noida, up. This system is used in a single effect evaporator or in the first stage of a multiple effect evaporator. Psychrometrics psychrometric chart example1 psychrometric chart given dbt, wbt example2 psychrometric chart given dbt, rh. Pdf single and multiple effect evaporators pranavv. Design and simulation of a multiple effect evaporator using vapor bleeding. In the past, manual calculations for multiple effect evapo. The alfavap plate evaporator is the result of development work done in collaboration with beet sugar manufacturers in the late 1980s. The concept of an overall heattransfer coefficient is used in the calculation of the rate of heat transfer in an evaporator. Pdf detailed design of a single effect evaporator with.
This work is dedicated to the optimization of the production of a triple effect distillation unit belonging to an industrial phosphoric acid factory. Evaporator calculations heat exchangers buffalo brewing blog. For a multiple effect evaporator system calculations, the values required to be obtained are i the area of the heating surface in each effect, ii the kg of steam per hour to be supplied, and. Joye and koko, 1987 for the design of multipleeffect evaporator systems with. A calculational procedure useful in the design of multipleeffect evaporator systems is presented in this work. Jun 03, 20 this is because of the limited effect of seawater salinity onthe system parameters. Introduction in evaporation of solutions in a single effect evaporator, a major cost is the cost of the steam used to evaporate the. Farnham submittedtothedepartmentofmechanicalengineering onmay18,2014. An iterative procedure previously presented in the literature lambert et al. Design of multiple effect forcedcirculation evaporators. Optimization of a multiple effect evaporator system. Evaporator selection considered in detail in volume 6, has been discussed by moore and hesler20 and parker21. Calculation methods for multipleeffect evaporators.
The steam economy of multiple effect evaporators can be estimated by 4. Internship huntsman the design of falling lm evaporators karlo kok s0206172 december 27, 20 internship huntsman polyurethanes rotterdam september december 20 rotterdam, the. Parker has attempted to test the suitability of each basic design for dealing with the problems encountered in practice, and the basic information is presented in the form shown in figure 14. Thermal analysis on triple effect falling film evaporator vanitha dunna1 p. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days. A multiple effect evaporator uses the water vapor from one effect as the heating medium for the next effect. The rdg evaporator design, based on patented technologies, is ideal for multiple effect systems, as each effect can be optimized for both vapor and fluid functional conditions to achieve optimum evaporation. Evaporation removal of water vapor from aqueous solution in. A high temperature heating medium generally is necessary to obtain a reasonable. The chosen concept is a vertical plate falling lm evaporator. Design calculations for multiple effect evaporators. Principles and pressure drop calculation in multiple. In summary, analysis of the single effect evaporation desalination systemshows the need for more efficient management of the system energy.
Desai page 1 study the steam economy of multiple effect evaporator plant producing. D 1,2department of mechanical engineering 1,2andhra university, visakhapatnam530026, india abstractevaporation is an operation used to remove a. Evaporator problems require solution of the system material and energy balances with the accompanying property and heat transfer equations. The significant advantage of this arrangement is that it allows the original heat input to the system to be reused in each effect. The multipleeffect evaporator was invented by the africanamerican engineer norbert. The diagram can be considered as practical thermal performance curves of falling film evaporators utilized in the med units both. Evaporator configurations for multiple effect backwardfeed evaporator. Calculation of multieffect evaporator by applying enthalpy. For example, if steam is available at 220f 104c, then the last effect boiling temperature is 120f 49c. Simulation and optimization of a tripleeffect distillation unit. Online calculations for multiple effect evaporators for the sugar industry. Calculation of a multi effect evaporator by applying enthalpyconcentration diagram, had been reported by several researchers, but their methods were so complicated due to many assumptions on trial, that we felt the necessity of simplifying them.
Single effect evaporators the heat requirements of a single effect continuous evaporator can be calculated by the usual methods of stoichiometry. This is an important condition in multi effect desalination with thermal vapor compression medtvc units in which a constant ratio of. Design configuration and simulation of a multi effects evaporator for a desalination plant ethar ali, dr. Design of triple effect evaporator developed by a program. In summary, analysis of the single effect evaporation. Calculation for multiple effect evaporator evaporation heat transfer. Design and fabrication of evaporators for thermoadsorptive batteries by taylora. The first three type of evaporators are used in sugar industries and recently also use the plate type evaporator. Product experience, knowledge of the drying installation and applied process is used to estimate the.
Multiple effect 3 evaporator steam consumption calculation. Modeling and simulation faizan ahmad, naseem ahmad khan on. Desai page 1 study the steam economy of multiple effect evaporator plant producing sodium sulphate and its simulation a project report submitted by rohan a. This website also provides the basic knowledge in sugar industry technologies and equipment design calculation with online. Agitator power requirement and mixing intensity calculation. The driving force is the pressure drop from the first to the last effect.
Evaporation of the solvent takes place as the thin film moves down the evaporator wall. The heating medium normally is high pressure steam or oil. Multiple effect 3 evaporator steam consumption calculation posted in process heat transfer. Black liquor properties basis of evaporation equipment design changes in liquor cycle chemistry can impact evaporator performance if properties depart from design values viscosity boiling point rise. Thermal analysis on triple effect falling film evaporator. Evaporator with large surface up to even 6000 m, dt heating to process side 45 k, tube length up to 26 ms, high efficiency in heat recovery between inlet and outlet liquors, evaporator with multiple liquid passes for optimized heat transfer rates mvr evaporator for potato tube liquor capacity. Design and fabrication of evaporators for thermoadsorptive. Shabina khanam may2012 department of chemical engineering national institute of technology rourkela, orissa. This is because of the limited effect of seawater salinity onthe system parameters. Noniterative design of multiple effect evaporators using. A simplified and generalized method to size multiple effect evaporator systems with any feed scheme. Thermodynamic design of condensers and evaporators.
In case of multiple effect evaporation plants, the exhaust vapors from the product are used to heat the downstreamarranged evaporation effect so that the. Evaporation is the removal of solvent as vapor from a. As a side benefit, teaching multiple effect evaporation allow s the opportunity to. Hi friends, i would like to calculate the multilple 3 effect evaporator steam consumption. Aug 22, 2012 multiple effect 3 evaporator steam consumption calculation posted in process heat transfer. Technical calculations gea engineering for a better world. This new type of costeffective rising film evaporator rapidly became a success in the beet sugar industry and has subsequently spread to many other applications. At first, the operating principle of the distillation process is presented and the technical data necessary for the simulation is extracted.
As a result, many types of evaporators and many variations in processing techniques have been. Evaporators types and design in the evaporation process, concentration of a product is accomplished by boiling out a solvent, generally water. Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by crossref and updated daily. Vapour flows and heat transfer areas are calculated. Evaporators are integral part of a number of process industries namely pulp and paper, chloralkali, sugar, pharmaceuticals, desalination, dairy and food processing, etc. A multiple effect evaporator is design to cut down the steam consumption by different operating strategies like feed, condensate and. This book deals with the modeling and simulation of multiple effect evaporators. Design and simulation of a multipleeffect evaporator. A multipleeffect evaporator, as defined in chemical engineering, is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water. The design of shell be in accordance with asme hei tema standard.
Brine zero liquid discharge zld fundamentals and design. Optimization of multiple effect evaporators designed for fruit juice. The use of this system requires that steam be available at high pressure, and low. A thesis on design of heat integrated multiple effect evaporator system submitted by ghoshna jyoti 210ch1201 for the partial fulfillment of master of technology under esteemed guidance of dr. In this article mainly discussed about robert type evaporator body design criteria. This evaporator has some advantages over the current evaporator. The purpose of this article is to investigate the influence of using feed water preheaters. In case of multiple effect evaporation plants, the exhaust vapors from the product are used to heat the downstreamarranged evaporation effect so that the steam. Investigation of multiple effect evaporator design. In case of multiple effect evaporation plants, the exhaust vapors from the product are used to heat the downstreamarranged evaporation effect so that the steam consumption will be reduced accordingly. The evaporation in each effect will be approximately 0.
1444 363 385 776 1681 816 750 1586 1431 907 224 679 1489 640 841 1197 698 868 854 1181 1635 384 986 1210 1158 480 1081 784 46 1074 1317 665 41 1324 391